α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles: An efficient, inexpensive catalyst for the one-pot preparation of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes

This paper describes the combustion synthesis of α-Fe2O3 nanopowder at much lower temperature and its catalytic activity for the one-pot preparation of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes. The combustion derived α-Fe2O3 nanopowder was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Braunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Highly efficient, three-component condensation of aromatic aldehyde, malanonitrile and 4-hydroxycoumarin catalyzed by α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles at room temperature is described. The method offers an excellent alternative to the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes. The reactions are rapid, clean, and the products with good yield and high purity.