Studying singlet fission and triplet fusion by magneto-electroluminescence method in singlet–triplet energy-resonant organic light-emitting diodes

• A large positive MEL (23.5%) was obtained at R.T.
• The MELs changed their signs both at low-field and high-field components.
• The singlet fission and triplet fusion are coexisted in rubrene.
• Relative contribution of singlet fission and triplet fusion on MEL changes with decreasing temperature.

Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) utilizing a singlet–triplet energy-resonant (ES ≈ 2ET) layer (rubrene) were fabricated to investigate the singlet fission and triplet fusion by the magneto-electroluminescence (MEL) of device from R.T. to 20 K. A large positive MEL (23.5%) was obtained at R.T. due to magnetic-field-suppressed singlet fission. With decreasing temperatures, the MELs changed their signs both at low-field and high-field components because of a gradual decrease in singlet fission simultaneously followed by an increasing triplet fusion, leading to a negative MEL around −7.5% at 20 K. Moreover, transient electroluminescence and MELs from the control devices were used to further confirm the exciton fission and fusion processes in rubrene-based OLEDs. Our findings of MEL may provide a useful pathway to study the microscopic dynamics of excited states in organic optoelectronic devices.

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