Modeling nanoparticle embedded organic memory devices

We present a model for organic bistable devices (OBDs) embedded with metallic nanoparticles. The model takes into account charge transport through the organic material, field-dependent charge carrier mobility, and injection from the electrodes. The charge trapped by the nanoparticles induces space charge effects that reduce the electric field at the electrode and inhibit charge injection leading to the low conductivity state of the OBD. Between the two situations where the nanoparticles are neutral and charged with 15 units of charge, the ON-to-OFF ratio is more than two orders of magnitude. We also discuss the relevance of our model to various OBD devices in the literature.