Low-voltage complementary inverters employing organic vertical-type triodes

In this study, we report the electrical characterization of complementary inverters fabricated using n- and p-channel organic vertical-type triodes (OVTs) on the same substrate. Because of the similar performance of the p-channel OVT (ON current: −229 μA; OFF current: −67.6 nA; turn-on voltage: −0.8 V) and n-channel OVT (ON current: 377 μA; OFF current: 86.9 nA; turn-on voltage: 0.4 V), the complementary inverter combining the n- and p-channel OVTs exhibited a voltage gain of ca. 9 at a low supply voltage of 4 V.