Formation of bone-like apatite on titanium filaments incubated in a simulated body fluid by using an electrochemical method

Apatite (HA) layer can be formed on the surface of titanium using the electrochemical deposit method. In the present study, we found the current and loading time strongly affected the granule size and quantity of HA. When a low current was applied, needle-like HA was formed and irregular granules were seen at a higher current. We also found the main components of both the HA structures were Ca and P, and the percentage Ca/P was 1.69, which is similar to that of a natural bone.