Experimental determination of the liquidus line in the high Bi2O3 region in the TiO2–Bi2O3 system

Liquidus line in the high-Bi2O3-containing region of the TiO2–Bi2O3 system was determined experimentally. The equilibrating and quenching technique with subsequent electron probe microanalyser (SEM-EDS) microanalysis were employed. Based on the data, liquidus line was constructed between 60 and 92 mol% Bi2O3. The current results showed a higher solubility of Bi2O3 in the liquid phase in equilibrium with the Bi4Ti3O12 compound compared with the existing phase diagram. In addition, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to estimate the transformations covering the composition range from 60 to 95 mol% Bi2O3. Further, the phase diagram of the TiO2–Bi2O3 system was calculated using a quasichemical model for the liquid phase. The thermodynamic properties of the intermediate compounds were estimated from the data of TiO2 and Bi2O3 pure solids.