Study of the pyroelectric profile in BTS piezoceramics by the single frequency thermal square wave method

Lead-free BaTi1−xSnxO3 (BTS) piezoceramics finding its use in actuators and microsensors was studied with the aid of the thermal square wave method (TSWM). Functionally graded BTS with tin concentration of 0.075 ≤ x ≤ 0.15 varying over the sample thickness were investigated. The samples were fabricated by sintering of the bi-, tri- and tetramorph green bodies. The results were compared with the pyroelectric profiles of BTS samples without tin gradient with x = 0.075, 0.10, 0.125 and 0.15.