Is there a connection between fragility of glass forming systems and dynamic heterogeneity/cooperativity?

Although fragility of glass forming liquids is traditionally related to cooperativity in molecular motion, the connection between those parameters remains unclear. In this paper we present the estimates of cooperativity (heterogeneity) length scale ξ obtained from the boson peak spectra. We demonstrate that ξ agrees well with the dynamic heterogeneity length scale for the structural relaxation estimated by 4-dimensional NMR, justifying the use of ξ. Presented analysis of large number of materials reveals no clear correlation between ξ and fragility. However, there is a strong correlation between the cooperativity volume ξ3 and the activation volume measured at Tg. This observation suggests that only the volume (pressure) dependence of structural relaxation time correlates directly with the cooperativity size. However, the pure thermal (energetic) contribution to the structural relaxation, the so-called isochoric fragility, exhibits no correlation to the heterogeneity length scale ξ, or the amount of structural units in ξ3. The presented results call for a revision of traditional view on the role of cooperativity/heterogeneity in structural relaxation of glass forming systems.