Pronounced variation in the collective dynamics of highly correlated lightest liquid alkali metal: Lithium

► In this study, we have calculated dynamical structure factor of liquid lithium. ► Modified microscopic theory of collective dynamics of a simple liquid is used. ► Experimental (IXS) results and equilibrium dynamics are successfully explained by the theory. ► Role of single particle motion in the collective dynamics of the liquid is analysed. ► Quantum correction due to detailed balance condition in S(κ, ω) is calculated.