XPS analysis of the instability of Ni-based melt surfaces

Thermo-structural transformation and relaxation processes in Ni–P melts have been studied with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy over a wide temperature range. The evolution of the melt’s surface layer composition is non-monotonous and oscillatory in character. A system for high-speed parallel recording of electron spectra has been developed in order to enhance the time resolution of an X-ray electron magnetic spectrometer.