Poling effect on d33 in textured Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based materials

Textured (1 − x − y)Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–(x)BaTiO3–(y)K0.5Na0.5NbO3 ceramics have been produced by tape casting with pure-phase Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 templates. Rietveld texture refinement was used to analyze the crystallographic preferred orientation of the fired ceramics. The effect of poling field on d33 was investigated for applied fields between 0–8 MV m−1 for pure Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 and 0–5 MV m−1 for Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 alloys, and compared against randomly oriented samples. Texturing enhanced the piezoelectric response of all measured compositions with Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–(5)BaTiO3 reaching a maximum d33 of 245 pC N−1.