Microwave sintering of nanobarium titanate

Nanosized BaTiO3 powder was synthesized at 160 °C/45 min using the Microwave Hydrothermal (M–H) system. The nanopowder was characterized using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The as-synthesized powder was microwave sintered at 950, 1050 and 1150 °C/30 min in air and for the comparison the nanopowder was also conventionally sintered at 1250 °C/3 h in air.