Two-step evolution mechanism of multi-domains in BaTiO3 single crystal investigated by in situ transmission electron microscopy

The electric-field-induced evolution of 90° stripe multi-domain structures in BaTiO3 single crystal have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The polarization vector of the matrix is against the direction of external field at the initial state. Upon application of the electric field, a two-step domain-switching mechanism is observed. The stress produced by 90° domain switching has important effects on the evolution of domains in the thin TEM specimen. The result is very different from that observed in optical microscopy.