Integration of Wind Energy into Electricity Systems: Technical Challenges and Actual Solutions

Wind energy is the current “star” in the field of renewable energy for electrical production. Still, the power generated by wind turbines over time is characteristically uneven due to the unpredictable nature of their primary source of power. This only increases the problems inherent to the integration of a great number of wind turbines into power networks, making their contribution rather difficult to manage (regulating voltage and frequency, wind-farm operation, etc.) The integration of wind power in the power system is now an issue in order to optimize the utilization of the resource and in order to continue the high rate of installation of wind generating capacity, which is necessary in order to achieve the goals of sustainability and security of supply. This paper presents the main technical challenges that are associated with the integration of wind power into power systems. These challenges include effects of wind power on the power system, the power system operating cost, power quality and power imbalances (stability of grid). In addition, the paper presents the solutions will be offered to improve the management of wind power generation and increase its penetration in the overall electrical energy production.