One-step synthesis of pure Cu nanowire/carbon nanotube coaxial nanocables with different structures by arc discharge

Pure Cu nanowire/carbon nanotube (Cu@C) coaxial nanocables are one-step fabricated by arc discharge. The microstructure and morphology of the Cu@C nanocables are investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). XRD results reveal that the copper carbide nano-crystals were formed in the nanocables and it plays an important role in the growth of the Cu@C nanocables. As-prepared Cu@C nanocables exhibit three different structures, including well-filled Cu@C nanocables, symmetrically trifurcate Cu@C nanocables, and twice capsulated Cu@C nanocables. The fabrication of Cu@C nanocables with different structures offers more opportunities for the development of nanoelectronic devices. The formation mechanisms of Cu@C nanocables with different structures are discussed as well.

► By arc discharge, high purity Cu@C nanocables were successfully prepared.
► The crystal structure and microstructures of Cu@C nanocables are characterized.
► XRD results reveal that the copper carbide was formed in the Cu@C nanocables.
► Growth mechanisms for the formation of the Cu@C nanocables are discussed.