From TiCl3 to TiO2 nanoparticles (anatase, brookite and rutile): Thermohydrolysis and oxidation in aqueous medium

Titania nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrolysis and oxidation of titanium trichloride (TiCl3) in aqueous medium. The TiO2 synthesis via the hydrolysis of Ti(III) proceeds in two steps: a condensation step and an oxidation step, which can be separated or simultaneous and they could take place in both orders. The importance of the medium acidity (0.5