Preparation and characterization of NiO, Fe2O3, Ni0.04Zn0.96O and Fe0.03Zn0.97O nanoparticles

Nickel oxide (NiO), iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3), and mixed oxide (Ni0.04Zn0.96O and Fe0.03Zn0.97O) nanoparticles were synthesized by modified sol–gel method. The nanoparticle structural and morphological properties were investigated by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The mixed oxides were characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The oxide precursor powders were analyzed by thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The average sizes of the obtained NiO and Ni0.04Zn0.96O nanocrystallites were evaluated by X-ray line broadening using Scherrer's equation and were found to be 36 and 23 nm, respectively. Fe2O3 and Fe0.03Zn0.97O nanoparticles presented similar sizes, around 19 nm. EDX spectroscopy indicated that the calculated compositions of the mixed oxides were nearly consistent with their estimated molar ratios.