Three dimensional simulation of microstructure evolution for ceramic tool materials

► A 3D Monte Carlo model of three-phase nano-composite ceramic tool material is built. ► The model is applied to simulate microstructure evolution during sintering process. ► The grain growth velocity is increased with an increase of sintering temperature. ► The grain size distribution is more uniform at 1700 °C than that at 1500 °C and 1600 °C. ► The sintering pressure has little effect on defect-free grain growth velocity.