An accurate 3D-FE based radius prediction model for in-plane roll-bending of strip considering spread effects

► The spread effects have a great contribution to the radius development in the in-plane roll-bending of strip. ► A 3D-FE model is established and validated to predict the radius of the formed ring part considering spread effects. ► The previous plane strain models are acceptable to predict the radius only when the spread is in the range of 4-6% or even narrower range of 3.2-6% by changing wedge angle or bite location.