An effective mobility approach to solute drag in computer simulations of migrating grain boundaries

An approach for taking solute drag into account in simulations of grain boundary migration in multicomponent systems in two or three dimensions has been developed. The new method is based on an effective mobility which is a function of the thermodynamic properties in the bulk and the grain boundary and the total driving force. Examples from phase-field simulations in Fe–Ni and Ni–Cr–Fe are presented.