Modeling the Trans-Varestraint test with finite element method

The Trans-Varestraint test is modeled as three dimensional contact problem with finite element method (FEM). The local strains at the trailing of weld molten pool of samples with the Trans-Varestraint test are calculated under different bending strains. The calculated local strains are in good agreement with the experimental measurements. Meanwhile, the simulated results show that the maximum local strain on the top surface of the plate exceeds 5% in the brittle temperature range, obviously higher than the applied 1.5% average strain of the Trans-Varestraint test which is usually used as threshold of material resistance to the solidification cracks. As a result, it is suggested that the simulated local strains replace the average strains to represent the material resistance. At the same time, the comparison between the calculated driving force and the simulated material resistance predict the weld metal solidification cracking. It is therefore practicable that the local strains of the Trans-Varestraint test obtained with FEM replace the average strains to predict weld metal solidification cracking.