Simulation of the electron diffraction patterns from needle/rod-like precipitates in Al–Mg–Si alloys

The origin of the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns from needle/rod-like metastable precipitates embedded in α-Al matrix in Al–Mg–Si alloys have been studied via an example of β″ phase. In addition, the SAED pattern from β″ phase has been simulated with significant improvement in comparison with the previous simulations. Three important factors, i.e. the 12 crystallographically equivalent variants of β″ phase in the α-Al matrix due to the highly symmetric f.c.c. structure of α-Al, the coherence between β″ phase and the α-Al matrix, and the double diffractions from the α-Al matrix and β″ phase, are proved to contribute to the special square-shaped features in the SAED patterns from β″ phase and thus fully taken into account in the simulation. An improved but simplified method for simulating the SAED patterns from needle/rod-like metastable precipitates has been developed. This method is further verified by simulating the SAED pattern from Q phase. The simulated SAED patterns from both β″ and Q phases fit the experimentally determined patterns very well.

► An improved method has been developed to simulate the SADPs of Al alloys.
► The formation mechanism of SADPs of Al alloys has been systemically studied.
► Double diffraction contributes to the formation of the SADPs of Al alloys.