Whole-life transformation ratchetting and fatigue of super-elastic NiTi Alloy under uniaxial stress-controlled cyclic loading

► Whole-life transformation ratchetting depends on load level and mode. ► Shakedown of transformation ratchetting occurs after certain cycles. ► Dissipated energy decreases quickly during the cyclic loading. ► Transformation ratchetting shortens the fatigue life apparently. ► Fatigue life decreases greatly with the increasing dissipated energy.