CFD simulation of hydrodynamics of gas–liquid–solid fluidised bed reactor

A three dimensional transient model is developed to simulate the local hydrodynamics of a gas–liquid–solid three-phase fluidised bed reactor using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The CFD simulation predictions are compared with the experimental data of Kiared et al. [1999. Mean and turbulent particle velocity in the fully developed region of a three-phase fluidized bed. Chemical Engineering & Technology 22, 683–689] for solid phase hydrodynamics in terms of mean and turbulent velocities and with the results of Yu and Kim [1988. Bubble characteristics in the racial direction of three-phase fludised beds. A.I.Ch.E. Journal 34, 2069–2072; 2001. Bubble-wake model for radial velocity profiles of liquid and solid phases in three-phase fluidised beds. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 40, 4463–4469] for the gas and liquid phase hydrodynamics in terms of phase velocities and holdup. The flow field predicted by CFD simulation shows a good agreement with the experimental data. From the validated CFD model, the computation of the solid mass balance and various energy flows in fluidised bed reactors are carried out. The influence of different interphase drag models for gas–liquid interaction on gas holdup are studied in this work.