White organic light-emitting diodes based on incomplete energy transfer from perylene to rubrene

This paper presents organic light-emitting diodes which generate white emission based on both perylene and rubrene doped in 9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN). In this doping system, the blue dopant perylene not only emitted but also assisted the energy transfer from ADN to rubrene, which contributes to a lower doping concentration of rubrene. The optimal configuration of the device is ITO/TPD(50 nm)/ADN:0.5 wt% perylene:0.006 wt% rubrene(40 nm)/Bphen(25 nm)/LiF(1 nm)/Al. The maximum luminance of 11 665 cd/m2 at 14 V according to a luminance efficiency of 2.9 cd/A was obtained. A CIE color coordinate of (0.30, 0.37) at 4 mA/cm2 was also achieved.