Stability analysis of bubble columns: Predictions for regime transition

A criterion for the transition from the homogeneous to the heterogeneous regime in a bubble column is developed based on the theory of linear stability. Hydrodynamics of bubble column is described by two-fluid model incorporating the interphase forces like drag force and added mass force. Added mass force affects the hydrodynamics of gas–liquid flows significantly and is formulated by taking into account the bubble deformation. A proper understanding of the nature of gas–liquid interface (clean or contaminated) is desired for the reliable predictions of the added mass coefficient. Data from the literature on the transition in bubble columns is critically analyzed. A good agreement has been obtained between the experimental transition gas hold-up and the predictions of the same obtained by the theory developed in this work.