Multi-objective Optimization of Machining Parameters During Dry Turning of AISI 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel Using Grey Relational Analysis

The current study aims at investigating the influence of different machining parameters such as cutting speed (Vc), feed (f) and depth of cut (t) on different performance measures during dry turning of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel. ISO P30 grade uncoated cemented carbide inserts was used a cutting tool for the current purpose. L27 orthogonal array design of experiments was adopted with the following machining parameters: Vc= 25, 35, 45 m/min., f= 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 mm/rev. and t= 1, 1.25, 1.5 mm. Three important characteristics of machinability such as material removal rate (MRR), cutting force (Fc) and surface roughness (Ra) were measured. Attempt was further made to simultaneously optimize the machining parameters using grey relational analysis. The recommended parametric combination based on the studied performance criteria (i.e. MRR, Fc and Ra) was found to be Vc =45m/min, f=0.1 mm/rev, t=1.25 mm. A confirmatory test was also carried out to support the analysis and an improvement of 88.78% in grey relational grade (GRG) was observed.