FE analysis for radial spread behavior in three-roll cross rolling with small-hole and deep-groove ring

To better understand the radial spread behavior and propose the effective control method, the FE analysis for radial spread in three-roll cross rolling (TRCR) was carried out using ABAQUS\Explicit procedure. The evolution and distribution laws of radial spread were studied, and the effects of four key forming parameters on the radial spread were investigated. The results obtained show that radial spread of the central region firstly increases, then decreases, and that of the upper or lower region always increases in TRCR process. The radial spread distribution is symmetrical about the axial centre after TRCR, it decreases from the upper and lower regions to the central region. A larger feed velocity or smaller rotational speed contributes to the larger average radial spread and more unevenness of inner surface, a larger friction coefficient or smaller initial blank temperature contributes to the smaller average radial spread and more unevenness of inner surface. The results can provide scientific basis for radial spread control and reasonable parameter design.