Gamma-radiation-induced grafting of binary mixture of methacrylic acid and 4-vinyl pyridine onto Teflon-FEP film as an effective polar membrane for separation processes

Ionic bifunctional membranes have been synthesized by grafting binary mixture of methacrylic acid (MAAc) and 4-vinyl pyridine (4-VP) onto Teflon-FEP film by pre-irradiation method. Optimum conditions pertaining to maximum percentage of grafting were evaluated as a function of different reaction parameters. Maximum percentage of grafting of binary mixture (MAAc-co-4-VP) (71.29%) was obtained at an optimum total dose of 54.48 kGy and the total concentration was 9.49 mol/L ([4-VP] = 0.07 mol/L and [MAAc ] = 9.42 mol/L) in 5 ml of water. The effect of alcohols as additives to the reaction medium on percent grafting of the binary mixture has also been studied. The membranes were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Swelling studies of the membranes were performed in different solvents such as water, benzene, carbon tetrachloride and dimethyl formamide (DMF). Maximum swelling was observed in DMF with minimum swelling in benzene. Metal ion (Cu2+, Ni2+ and Fe2+) uptake studies show better affinity for Fe2+ ions. Conductance measurements in different aqueous salt solution showed that these membranes have affinity for Na+/K+ ions and Cl− ions and hence can be used in desalination/separation processes for the separation of both type of cationic and anionic ions.