Modeling of dielectric barrier discharge-induced fluid dynamics and heat transfer

A dielectric barrier discharge, operating at kHz and kV conditions, can generate largely isothermal surface plasma and induce wall-jet-like fluid flow. It can serve as an aerodynamic actuator, and has advantages of no moving parts. In order to better understand the mechanism of the momentum coupling between the plasma and the fluid flow, both computational modeling and experimental information are presented. Furthermore, the impact of such athermal, non-equilibrium plasma discharges on low-speed aerodynamics and heat transfer is discussed. The plasma and fluid species are treated as a two-fluid system exhibiting decades of length and time-scale disparities. For Reynolds numbers of 104-105, the time-scales ratios between those characterizing the discharge physics (convection, diffusion, and reaction/ionization) and the fluid flow mechanisms are separated by several decades, allowing the effect of plasma on the fluid dynamics modeled via a one-way body force treatment. At a phenomenological level, the plasma model can be established using a linearized force distribution to approximate the discharge structure. A high-fidelity approach using a first-principle-based hydrodynamic-plasma model is also reviewed. Numerical techniques such as operating splitting are introduced in order to handle the computational stiffness resulting from the time and length scale variations. The goal is to use time-step sizes in the range of the fluid dynamics level while treating the fast varying ones statistically. The momentum coupling is discussed in the context of discharge chemistry; species transport properties, insulator and electrode materials, and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) geometry. Parametric studies conducted on the operating variables such as voltage, frequency and geometric arrangements offer substantial insight into the plasma physics, as well as a basis to explore thermal management and flow control applications.