Wave induced oscillatory and steady flows in the annulus of a catheterized viscoelastic tube

A perturbation analysis based on equations of motion in Lagrangian form is presented for the oscillatory and time-mean viscous flows induced by a propagating wave of small amplitude in an annulus with a viscoelastic outer wall. Owing to the steady streaming effect, the existence of a catheter in a blood vessel brings in an additional steady pressure gradient, a correction to that predicted by the linear theory, and an additional steady shear stress, which may increase the possibility of hemolysis of red blood cells.