Integrated optimization of hydroelectric energy in the upper and middle Yangtze River

This paper systematically presents recent research on the integrated optimization of hydroelectric energy in the upper and middle Yangtze River. The primary techniques related to the management of these systems, such as hydrology and hydrological modelling, flood routing optimization for power generation, flood control, ecological operations, multi-objective optimization and multi-attribute risk decision-making, were introduced. Moreover, each of these techniques was described in detail, including its specific processes, equations, and tables. We applied these methodologies to real engineering problem modelling and subsequently highlighted the applications of optimal operation for multi-reservoir systems in the upper and middle Yangtze River. In addition, the primary challenges of multi-reservoir operations in the upper and middle Yangtze River are described.