The broadened and red-shifted photoluminescence spectral emission of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) nanoparticles

The emission of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) nanoparticles, prepared from tetrahydrofuran solution using a reprecipitation method, differed to those of the particles in both solution and film. The photoluminescence spectra of the nanoparticles was broader and red shifted in comparison to those in solution and film. Repulsion between carbazole groups and solvent favours the adoption of a fully overlapped, sandwich-like configuration of neighboring carbazole groups in the nanoparticles. The decay times of the excimers in the nanoparticles were shorter than those in solution.