Structural refinement, optical and ferroelectric properties of microcrystalline Ba(Zr0.05Ti0.95)O3 perovskite

• Ba[Zr0.05Ti0.95]O3 ceramic was prepared by high energy ball milling.
• The structure and clusters was obtained in details.
• Average grain size was obtained by SEM and TEM images.
• The electrical properties were investigated in details.
• The optical band gap was obtained by UV–vis spectroscopy.

For this study, a microcrystalline Ba(Zr0.05Ti0.95)O3 (BZT) powder was prepared by a high energy ball milling method followed by calcination at 1100 °C for 4 h. The calcined powder was structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement data, which showed that this material has a perovskite-type tetragonal structure with a space group of (P4mmm). The micro-Raman spectrum revealed local lattice distortions due to distorted octahedral [TiO6] clusters. The temperature and frequency-dependent dielectric study of the BZT ceramic showed normal phase transition behavior. The ferroelectric property was studied by a P–E hysteresis loop. Optical band gap was investigated by ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) absorption spectroscopy at room temperature. The UV–vis spectrum indicated that the BZT powder has an optical band gap of 3.15 eV.

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