Advancing towards a veritable calcium-ion battery: CaCo2O4 positive electrode material

• Calcium ions were firstly removed from CaCo2O4 and then re-intercalated.
• The prepared electrode opens the possibility to develop a calcium-ion battery based on two intercalation compounds.
• A new phase is formed for calcium extraction beyond Ca0.6Co2O4.

A veritable calcium-ion battery using CaCo2O4 (s.g. P2/m) as a positive electrode, V2O5 (s.g. Pmmn) as a negative electrode and calcium perchlorate in acetonitrile as electrolyte solution has been evaluated for the first time. The electrochemical tests, XRD results and X-ray photoelectron spectra confirm that the calcium ion can be firstly removed from CaCo2O4 and then reintercalated, and this material can be an interesting candidate for developing non-aqueous calcium-ion batteries.

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