Design of 1.5 V thin and flexible primary batteries for battery-assisted passive (BAP) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag

Multi-layered packaging films based on LDPE/Nylon 6/PET/OPP with superior selective barrier property for O2, CO2, and H2O and anti-corrosion property to strong basic and acidic solution were suggested to improve the durability of film-type Leclanché primary battery for battery-assisted passive (BAP) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag. An optimum adhesive gel electrolyte and its concentration (4.6 M NH4Cl (aq.)/13.7 wt% polyethyleneimine (PEI)/3.7 wt% Carbopol 940) were determined by showing the highest ionic conductivity as 1.94 × 10−1 S/cm at 25 °C. Efficient fabrication processes such as screen-printings of conducting layer (25 μm), active material layer (40 μm for anode and 80 μm for cathode), and electrolyte/separator/electrolyte layer (100 μm), were also adopted to give better performances of the 1.5 V-class film-type battery.