Optimizing and modeling of effective parameters on the structural and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles synthesized by coprecipitation technique using response surface methodology

• The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by coprecipitation method.
• By RSM technique, the predictive models were presented for crystallinity degree.
• By RSM technique, the predictive models were presented for amounts of Ms.
• Temperature, pH and their interactions had most effectiveness on the amounts of Ms.
• Temperature, cation ratio and their interactions had most effectiveness on the crystallinity degree.

In present work, the Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by coprecipitation method. In order to study the effects of influential factors on the structural and magnetic properties of particles, the experimental runs were designed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD), while the reaction temperature, Fe2+/Fe3+ cation ratio, and pH of reaction were defined as effective factors on the two responses include the amounts of crystallinity degree and saturation magnetization (Ms). The investigation of structural, magnetic, and microstructural properties of particles were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. As a result, the predictive quadratic models were fitted on the both responses while the R2 values were more than 0.97 for both models. The highest amounts of both responses (crystallinity degree: 88.07% and Ms: 65.801 emu/g) are presented when the reaction temperature, cation ratio, and pH amounts are equal to 90 °C, 0.60, and 10.5, respectively. Finally, the TEM results show the particles with size of about 10 nm and narrow size distribution.

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