Preparation and magnetic studies of nickel ferrite nanoparticles substituted by Sn4+ and Cu2+

The mixed ferrite systems, namely NiFe2−2xSnxCuxO4 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) nanoparticles have been studied to understand their structural and magnetic parameters. The NiFe2−2xSnxCuxO4 nanoparticles were prepared by high energy ball milling (HEBM). The samples were characterized by the X-ray diffraction technique. All samples exhibited spinel structures. The crystalline size and internal strain were evaluated by XRD patterns using Williamson–Hall and Scherrer methods. Magnetic properties of the nanoparticles ferrite were studied by means of alternating gradient force magnetometry (AGFM) and Faraday balance.