Enhancements of rate capability and cyclic performance of spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 by trace Ru-doping

The rate capability and cyclic performance of the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 under high current density have been significantly improved by doping a small amount of ruthenium (Ru). Specifically, Li1.1Ni0.35Ru0.05Mn1.5O4 and LiNi0.4Ru0.05Mn1.5O4 synthesized by solid state reaction can respectively deliver a discharge capacity of 108 and 117 mAh g−1 at 10 C rate between 3 and 5 V. At 10 C charge/discharge rate, Li1.1Ni0.35Ru0.05Mn1.5O4 and LiNi0.4Ru0.05Mn1.5O4 can respectively maintain 91% and 84% of their initial capacity after 500 cycles, demonstrating that Ru-doping could be a way to enhance the electrochemical performance of spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4.