Electron bunch length monitors using spatially encoded electro-optical technique

A single-shot, nondestructive, electro-optical, electron bunch length monitor is experimentally verified by encoding the Coulomb field of the bunch profile on the spatial intensity distribution of an unchirped femtosecond laser pulse in an orthogonal geometry (hence, a temporal-to-spatial transformation). This electron bunch measurement scheme can simultaneously measure large timing jitter (∼ps) with a wide measurement timespan covering picosecond to subpicosecond ranges.