Integrability of Hamiltonian systems with algebraic potentials

Problem of integrability for Hamiltonian systems with potentials that are algebraic thus multivalued functions of coordinates is discussed. Introducing potential as a new variable the original Hamiltonian system on 2n dimensional phase space is extended to 2n+1 dimensional system with rational right-hand sides. For extended system its non-canonical degenerated Poisson structure of constant rank 2n and rational Hamiltonian is identified. For algebraic homogeneous potentials of non-zero rational homogeneity degree necessary integrability conditions are formulated. These conditions are deduced from an analysis of the differential Galois group of variational equations around particular solutions of a straight line type. Obtained integrability obstructions are applied to the class of monomial homogeneous potentials. Some integrable potentials satisfying these conditions are found.