NAFASS: Discrete spectroscopy of random signals

► The successful solution of the Prony's problem has been obtained. It means that for any random signal its amplitude-frequency response can be found. ► This solution opens quite new possibilities in creation of new discrete spectroscopy in analysis of different nanoscopic and intermolecular signals. ► Real NIR spectra and biological data were considered and analyzed as examples. ► The conception of the pseudo-ergodic noise is introduced. It helps to fit the auto-correlation function that is related to remnant function. ► The three basic principles of the fluctuation metrology are formulated.