کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
1988966 1063551 2011 12 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Neuromodulatory function of neuropeptides in the normal CNS
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری بیوشیمی، ژنتیک و زیست شناسی مولکولی زیست شیمی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Neuromodulatory function of neuropeptides in the normal CNS
چکیده انگلیسی

Neuropeptides are small protein molecules produced and released by discrete cell populations of the central and peripheral nervous systems through the regulated secretory pathway and acting on neural substrates. Inside the nerve cells, neuropeptides are selectively stored within large granular vesicles (LGVs), and commonly coexist in neurons with low-molecular-weight neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, amino acids, and catecholamines). Storage in LGVs is responsible for a relatively slow response to secretion that requires enhanced or repeated stimulation. Coexistence (i.e. the concurrent presence of a neuropeptide with other messenger molecules in individual neurons), and co-storage (i.e. the localization of two or more neuropeptides within individual LGVs in neurons) give rise to a complicated series of pre- and post-synaptic functional interactions with low-molecular-weight neurotransmitters.The typically slow response and action of neuropeptides as compared to fast-neurotransmitters such as excitatory/inhibitory amino acids and catecholamines is also due to the type of receptors that trigger neuropeptide actions onto target cells. Almost all neuropeptides act on G-protein coupled receptors that, upon ligand binding, activate an intracellular cascade of molecular enzymatic events, eventually leading to cellular responses. The latter occur in a time span (seconds or more) considerably longer (milliseconds) than that of low-molecular-weight fast-neurotransmitters, directly operating through ion channel receptors. As reviewed here, combined immunocytochemical visualization of neuropeptides and their receptors at the ultrastructural level and electrophysiological studies, have been fundamental to better unravel the role of neuropeptides in neuron-to-neuron communication.


► Neuropeptides are a wide group of small proteins produced by neurons.
► Neuropeptides coexist in neurons with low-molecular-weight neurotransmitter.
► The selective storage of neuropeptides in dense core vesicles allows for their specific release.
► Neuropeptides act as modulators of fast neurotransmission.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - Volume 42, Issue 4, December 2011, Pages 276–287
نویسندگان
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