Stereoselective synthesis of spiro and condensed pyrazolines of steroidal α,β-unsaturated ketones and nitrilimines by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition

Effective syntheses of endo- and exocyclic α,β-unsaturated ketones as CC dipolarophiles were carried out in the 13α-estrone series. The 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of 15,16α,β-unsaturated ketones of 13α-estrone 3-methyl and 3-benzyl ether with nitrilimines stereoselectively furnished two regioisomers of new condensed pyrazolines in a ratio of 2:1. The main product was the isomer obtained by the attack of the N-terminus of the 1,3-dipole on the carbon atom β to the carbonyl group of the dipolarophile. The nitrilimine cycloadditions to the 16-methylene-17-ketones of 13α-estrone 3-methyl and 3-benzyl ether stereo- and regioselectively furnished spiropyrazolines. The attack of the N-terminus of the dipole occurred on the α-carbon of the α,β-unsaturated ketones. The reactions were performed under both homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions. Silver acetate as a base proved more effective than its triethylamine counterpart. Changes in regio- and stereoselectivities were not observed on variation of the conditions of the cycloaddition reactions. The structures of the new products were determined by NMR (one- and two-dimensional) and MALDI TOF MS techniques, with C70 fullerenes as matrix in the latter case.