کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
2035196 1072150 2015 14 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
The Brain on Drugs: From Reward to Addiction
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
مغز در مواد مخدر: از پاداش به اعتیاد
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری بیوشیمی، ژنتیک و زیست شناسی مولکولی بیوشیمی، ژنتیک و زیست شناسی مولکولی (عمومی)
چکیده انگلیسی

Advances in neuroscience identified addiction as a chronic brain disease with strong genetic, neurodevelopmental, and sociocultural components. We here discuss the circuit- and cell-level mechanisms of this condition and its co-option of pathways regulating reward, self-control, and affect. Drugs of abuse exert their initial reinforcing effects by triggering supraphysiologic surges of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens that activate the direct striatal pathway via D1 receptors and inhibit the indirect striato-cortical pathway via D2 receptors. Repeated drug administration triggers neuroplastic changes in glutamatergic inputs to the striatum and midbrain dopamine neurons, enhancing the brain’s reactivity to drug cues, reducing the sensitivity to non-drug rewards, weakening self-regulation, and increasing the sensitivity to stressful stimuli and dysphoria. Drug-induced impairments are long lasting; thus, interventions designed to mitigate or even reverse them would be beneficial for the treatment of addiction.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: - Volume 162, Issue 4, 13 August 2015, Pages 712–725
نویسندگان
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