N6-Acetyladenosine: A new modified nucleoside from Methanopyrus kandleri tRNA

Post-transcriptionally modified nucleosides are constituents of transfer RNA (tRNA) that are known to influence tertiary structure, stability and coding properties. Modifications in unfractionated tRNA from the phylogenetically unique archaeal methanogen Methanopyrus kandleri (optimal growth temperature 98 °C) were studied using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to establish the extent to which they might differ from those of other methanogens. The exceptionally diverse population of nucleosides included four new nucleosides of unknown structure, and one that was characterized as N6-acetyladenosine, a new RNA constituent. The nucleoside modification pattern in M. kandleri tRNA is notably different from that of other archaeal methanogens, and is closer to that of the thermophilic crenarchaeota.