کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
2064324 1544135 2015 7 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Variability in venom volume, flow rate and duration in defensive stings of five scorpion species
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
تغییر در حجم سم، سرعت جریان و مدت زمانی در زخمهای دفاعی پنج گونه اسکوربیک
کلمات کلیدی
زهر، اندازه گیری زهر، عقرب رفتار دفاعی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری بیوشیمی، ژنتیک و زیست شناسی مولکولی بیوشیمی، ژنتیک و زیست شناسی مولکولی (عمومی)
چکیده انگلیسی


• A new method of measuring venom expulsion rates using high speed video is shown.
• Venom flow varies highly in flow rate and duration between stings.
• Differences are found between species in total expelled venom and flow rate.
• Species differences are likely due to size differences.
• Flow rate and duration contribute similarly to the total amount of expelled venom.

Scorpions have been shown to control their venom usage in defensive encounters, depending on the perceived threat. Potentially, the venom amount that is injected could be controlled by reducing the flow speed, the flow duration, or both. We here investigated these variables by allowing scorpions to sting into an oil-filled chamber, and recording the accreting venom droplets with high-speed video. The size of the spherical droplets on the video can then be used to calculate their volume. We recorded defensive stings of 20 specimens representing 5 species. Significant differences in the flow rate and total expelled volume were found between species. These differences are likely due to differences in overall size between the species. Large variation in both venom flow speed and duration are described between stinging events of single individuals. Both venom flow rate and flow duration correlate highly with the total expelled volume, indicating that scorpions may control both variables in order to achieve a desired end volume of venom during a sting.

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ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Toxicon - Volume 100, 15 June 2015, Pages 60–66
نویسندگان
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