Fast generation of dendritic cells

Dendritic cells (DC) are potent antigen presenting cells capable of inducing immune responses. DC are widely used as vaccine adjuvant in experimental clinical settings. DC-based vaccines are normally generated using a standard 8 day DC protocol (SDDC). In attempts to shorten the vaccine production we have developed fast DC protocol by comparing two different fast DC protocols with SDDC. DC were evaluated by FACS analysis, and the optimal profile was considered: CD14low, CD80high, CD83high, CD86high, CCR7high, HLA class I and IIhigh. FACS profiles were used as the selection criteria together with yield and morphology. Two fast DC protocols fulfilled these criteria and were selected for functional analysis. Our results demonstrate that DC generated within 5 days or 48 h are comparable with SDDC both phenotypically and functionally. However, we found that 48 h DC were more susceptible than SDDC to the IL-10 inducing stimulus of TLR ligands (R848 and LPS). Thus to determine the clinical relevance of fast DC protocols in cancer settings, small phase I trials should be conducted monitoring regulatory T cells carefully.