A Smoothened-Evc2 Complex Transduces the Hedgehog Signal at Primary Cilia

SummaryVertebrate Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is initiated at primary cilia by the ligand-triggered accumulation of Smoothened (Smo) in the ciliary membrane. The underlying biochemical mechanisms remain unknown. We find that Hh agonists promote the association between Smo and Evc2, a ciliary protein that is defective in two human ciliopathies. The formation of the Smo-Evc2 complex is under strict spatial control, being restricted to a distinct ciliary compartment, the EvC zone. Mutant Evc2 proteins that localize in cilia but are displaced from the EvC zone are dominant inhibitors of Hh signaling. Disabling Evc2 function blocks Hh signaling at a specific step between Smo and the downstream regulators protein kinase A and Suppressor of Fused, preventing activation of the Gli transcription factors. Our data suggest that the Smo-Evc2 signaling complex at the EvC zone is required for Hh signal transmission and elucidate the molecular basis of two human ciliopathies.Video Abstract To view the video inline, enable JavaScript on your browser. However, you can download and view the video by clicking on the icon belowHelp with MP4 filesOptionsDownload video (15165 K)

Graphical AbstractFigure optionsDownload high-quality image (190 K)Download as PowerPoint slideHighlights
► Evc2 is required for Hh signaling at a step between Smo and PKA
► Evc proteins are localized in a ciliary subcompartment, the EvC zone
► Hh signaling leads to the formation of a Smo-Evc2 complex at the EvC zone
► Failed Smo signaling at the EvC zone causes Ellis–van Creveld and Weyers syndromes