A LIM-9 (FHL) / SCPL-1 (SCP) Complex Interacts with the C-terminal Protein Kinase Regions of UNC-89 (Obscurin) in Caenorhabditis elegans Muscle

The C. elegans gene unc-89 encodes a set of mostly giant polypeptides (up to 900 kDa) that contain multiple immunoglobulin (Ig) and fibronectin type 3 (Fn3), a triplet of SH3-DH-PH, and two protein kinase domains. The loss of function mutant phenotype and localization of antibodies to UNC-89 proteins indicate that the function of UNC-89 is to help organize sarcomeric A-bands, especially M-lines. Recently, we reported that each of the protein kinase domains interacts with SCPL-1, which contains a CTD-type protein phosphatase domain. Here, we report that SCPL-1 interacts with LIM-9 (FHL), a protein that we first discovered as an interactor of UNC-97 (PINCH) and UNC-96, components of an M-line costamere in nematode muscle. We show that LIM-9 can interact with UNC-89 through its first kinase domain and a portion of unique sequence lying between the two kinase domains. All the interactions were confirmed by biochemical methods. A yeast three-hybrid assay demonstrates a ternary complex between the two protein kinase regions and SCPL-1. Evidence that the UNC-89/SCPL-1 interaction occurs in vivo was provided by showing that over-expression of SCPL-1 results in disorganization of UNC-89 at M-lines. We suggest two structural models for the interactions of SCPL-1 and LIM-9 with UNC-89 at the M-line.